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Wouter Südkamp - Papers |
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Wouter Südkamp has written many
palaeontological and geological papers, a selection of them being listed below. The
palaeontological work is concentrated on the Lower Devonian Hunsrück Slate of Germany. The publications are listed chronologically, with the journal, language, key words, a short summary and eventual reactions: |
"Pantservis boven water" . [An armoured fish out of the water]: Grondboor en Hamer, 34, 1980, 105-108. Language: Dutch. Keywords: Hunsrück Slate, armoured fish, Holotype, Stensioella heintzi. Summary: Description of the head of this placoderm, which is the largest known in the world. The holotype is in the Bavarian State Collections, Munich, Germany. "Versteend leven doorgelicht". [Fossil life by X-ray]:Coauthor: P. Osinga. In: Grondboor en Hamer, 38, 1984, 62-72. Language: Dutch. Keywords: Hunsrück Slate, origin, collection, preparation, X-ray technique. Summary: Preparation methods are explained, with emphasis on X-ray photography as an aid to preparation . It is concluded that the internal soft parts of fossils (such as, for example, the stomach of a trilobite) can be seen by this method. |
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"Over Teylers Asterozoa uit Bundenbach (Hunsrück)". [Asterozoa from Bundenbach (Hunsrück)] In: Grondboor en Hamer, 39, 1985, 114-129. Language: Dutch. Keywords: Teyler Museum, Asterozoa (starfishes), Bundenbach, holotypes, research.
Summary: In 1863 the Teyler Museum (Haarlem, the Netherlands) bought its collection of Bundenbach-asterozoans from Dr. Krantz in Bonn. The collection contains four holotypes: the crinoids Cyathocrinus gracilior and Poteriocrinus nanus and the asteroids Helianthaster rhenanus and Erinaceaster spinosissimus. The new analysis is primarily based on X-ray pictures of the 27 asteroids, which could be identified on the basis of recent literature, and secondly on hand-preparation of eight specimens.
"Bundenbach". In: Gea, 22, 1989, 1-32. Language: Dutch. Keywords: Bundenbach, geology, looking and searching, (fossils in the) Hunsrück Slate, Asterozoa, fossilisation and pyritisation, the Bundenbach Collection in the Teyler Museum, Haarlem, X-ray photography, preparation, the uses of slate, photography, Idar-Oberstein and other interesting places for mineral hobbyists.
Summary: This special issue of Gea was, in addition, a catalogue of the exhibition in the Teyler Museum (Haarlem, Nethelands). It includes a detailed description of the fossils and of the Hunsrück Slate.
"Der Hunsrückschiefer: Fundstellen, Fossilien, Präparation". In: Fossilien, 8, 1991, 237-247. Language: German.
Summary: After an introduction there is a discussion of the age, bedding and cleavage of the Hunsrück Slate and on the circumstances of preservation of the fossils. Preparation and X-ray photography of the fossils are described. The content is largely based on the Gea special issue (see above).
"Nicht alltäglich: Seelilie auf Kieselschwamm". In: Fossilien, 9, 1992, 179-181. Language: German.
Summary: A fossil community consisting of the seelily Bathericrinus semipinnulatus attached to the siliceous sponge Retifungus rudens is described. The ecological conditions for both animals must have been the same.
"Zuid-Wales, een geologische excursie". [South Wales, a geological excursion] Coauthor: J.B.A. Kobesen. In: Gea, 26, 1993, 58-66. Language: Dutch. Keywords: preparation of the excursion, south Wales, geology, geological localities, tips for travellers.
Summary: Description of a geological excursion to South-Wales (Great-Britain), which starts with the preparation of the trip and ends with the experiences. The region in question is Southwest-Dyfed and Glamorgan, where many fossils can be found in beds ranging from Lower Cambrian to Lower Jurassic in age.
"Rügen en Bornholm". [Rügen and Bornholm.] Co-authors: J.B.A. Kobesen and W. Zondag. In: Grondboor en Hamer, 47, 1993, 113-117. Language: Dutch. Keywords: excursion, geology, Rügen, Bornholm, excursion report..
Summary: Experiences and evaluation of localities from an excursion to Rügen (Germany) and Bornholm (Denmark).
"Oertijd-dieren in Berlijn". [Prehistoric animals in Berlin] In: Gea, 26, 1993, 104-106. Language: Dutch. Keywords: Berlin, prehistoric animals, Archaeopteryx, Museum für Naturkunde of the Humboldt University, zoological garden, living fossils.
Summary: Impressions of items of natural history interest seen in a visit to Berlin. Description of the collection and some fossils of the Geological-Paleontological Institute and Museum (=GPIM). In the zoo and aquarium there are live specimens of the Komodo dragon, the horse-shoe crab Limulus polyphemus, the cephalopod Nautilus pompilius and the Australian lungfish Neoceratodus forsteri.
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"Echinodermen aus dem Hunsrückschiefer. Teil 1: Flachtiere und Sterntiere". In: Fossilien, 11, 1994, 244-252. Language: German. Keywords: Hunsrückschieferfossilien, Flachtiere, Sterntiere, Arthropoda, (Sammlung der) Humboldt-Universität, Holotypen, systematische Beschreibungen. Summary: The stored echinoderms from the Hunsrück Slate in the Geological-Paleontological Institut and Museum of the Humboldt University in Berlin were catalogued. These are eight homalozoan specimens (of the species Rhenocystis latipedunculata and Mitrocystites styloideus) and about 670 asteroids, among them 12 holotypes and several originals from known authors, like STUERTZ (1885-1886) and LEHMANN (1957). Includes a review of the exposed homalozoans and asteroids, a scale of scarcity of the asteroids and descriptions of the species Urasterella asperula, Taeniaster beneckei, the new brittle-star "Eschenbachia pinusi" and the trilobitomorph Mimetaster hexagonalis. |
"Transparante beelden van fossielen in het AZL".[Lightbox displays of fossils in the Academic Hospital, Leiden.] In Gea: 27, 1994, 107. Language: Dutch. Keywords: Academisch Ziekenhuis Leiden, display, X-ray phogographs, slate fossils, Hunsrück Slate.. Summary: In the new entrancehall of the academic hospital of Leiden (the Netherlands) a big display has been installed, symbolizing the intercommunication of the civilian community with medicine. The evolution of life is presented in lightbox displays of fossils, in descending order: the lizard Kallimodon pulchellus from the Upper Jurassic of Painten, the dragon-fly Stenophlebia latreilli from the Upper Jurassic of Solnhofen, the fish Leuciscus oeningensis from the Miocene of Öhningen, the asteroids Loriolaster mirabilis and Urasterella asperula, the seelily Eutaxocrinus sincerus, all from the Lower Devonian of Bundenbach and a trilobite. The X-ray pictures of the Hunsrück Slate fossils are in the collection of the author. |
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Summary: Second part of the echinoderms from the Hunsrück Slate, stored in Berlin. There are about 680 crinoids, among them about 30 originals of Follmann, Jaekel and Haarmann. With a review of the exposed seelilies, a scale of scarcity, descriptions of the species Hapalocrinus frechi, Calycanthocrinus decadactylus, Codiacrinus schultzei, Parisangulocrinus zeaeformis, Imitatocrinus gracilior and Taxocrinus stuertzi. With information on the localities and some new descriptions, like Eifelocrinus sp.. |
"Nicht alltäglich: Zeugen einer fossilen Lebensgemeinschaft". In: Fossilien, 12, 1995, 204-206. Language: German. Keywords: Hunsrückschiefer, Lebensgemeinschaft, Seelilien, Schlangensternen, Kopffüßer.
Summary: A Bundenbach-slab with 11 seelilies, two brittle-stars and a cephalopod shows how rich and various the occupants of a small area of sea bottom could be in the Lower Devonian. This observation was initially made by X-rays and confirmed by preparation. It concerns fossils of the seelilies Parisangulocrinus zeaeformis, Hapalocrinus elegans and Thallocrinus sp., the brittle-stars Eospondylus primigenius and Ophiurina lymani and the cephalopod Orthoceras sp..
"Nicht alltäglich: Fressen und gefressen werden vor 380 Mio. Jahren". In: Fossilien, 13, 1996, 365-369. Language: German. Keywords: Hunsrück Slate, feeding habits, crustacean, ophiuroid, starfish, burrow, coprolite.
Summary: Two Lower Devonian slate slabs from Bundenbach tell us something about feeding habits. A Nahecaris stuertzi has an ophioroid among its antennae and Urasterella asperula has two arms split by a burrow. With a radiograph from Prof. W. Stürmer (WS 12246) and a picture of a new find (coprolite).
"Discovery of soft parts of a fossil brachiopod in the "Hunsrückschiefer" (Lower Devonian, Germany)". In: Paläontologische Zeitschrift, 71, 1997, 91-95. Language: English. Keywords: soft parts, brachiopod, Hunsrückschiefer, pedicle, Orbiculoidea mediorhenana.
Summary: Unique finds of a fossil discinid with a bodily preserved pedicle are described. They prove that soft parts can be pyritised in the Hunsrück Slate. The generic assignment of Orbiculoidea mediorhenena FUCHS, 1915 is in doubt. A reconstruction has been attempted.
Reaction 1: In the Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, revised Version of Part H: Brachiopoda, Volume 1: Introduction (1997) the find of this brachiopod with soft parts and bodylike preserved pedicle is mentioned and visualized with a photograph (A. Williams, M.A. James, C.C. Emig, Sarah Mackay and M.C. Rhodes in the chapter: Anatomy on the pages 62 and 63).
Reaction 2: M. Otto has drawn one of the both finds in the Paläontologische Zeitschrift 74, 2000, 79-89 in his article: "Supposed soft tissue preservation in the Hunsrückschiefer (Lower Devonian, Rheinisches Schiefergebirge): the example of brachiopods" and informed about his new investigation. He confirms, that the assignment to the genus Orbiculoidea is doubtful and interprets the find as a trace fossil accidentally brought into contact to the brachiopod shell.
"Mimetaster: een merkwaardige geleedpotige uit Bundenbach (Dld)". [Mimetaster: a remarkable arthropod from Bundenbach] Gea, 30, 1997, 45-48. Language: Dutch. Keywords: Mimetaster, arthropod, Bundenbach, morphology, mode of life, Geological-Palaeontological Institute of the Humboldt University. Summary: Summary of the knowledge so far on Mimetaster hexagonalis GÜRICH, 1931. With reconstructional drawings and indications of spheroidal pyritic stuctures (grub holes?), which can be found near marellomorph. Relationships with Vachonisia rogeri and Marella splendens, the last one from the Burgess Shale (Cambrian) of British Columbia (Canada). |
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| Foto: P. Stemvers |
"Neue Beobachtungen an Codiacrinus". In: Fossilien, 14, 1997, 235-239. Language: German. Keywords: Hunsrückschiefer, observations, Codiacrinus, crinoid, systematic re-description, Natural History Museum, Leiden (NL).
Summary: The inadunate Codiacrinus has been known for 130 years and is one of the commoner crinoids of the Hunsrück Slate. In the paper new observations on two excellent preserved specimens are described. They show details of the arm structure including tube feet, adambulacrals and ambulacrals.
"Die Muscheln und Brachiopoden des Hunsrückschiefers. Teil 1: Muscheln". In: Fossilien, 16, 1999, 111-116. Language: German. Keywords: Hunsrückschiefer, bivalves, brachiopods, monograph.
Summary: This is the first systematic review of the molluscs (part 1) and brachiopods (part 2) of the Hunsrück Slate. The analysis is based on 180 slabs. With a determination key for the molluscs.
"Schatten uit Rheinland-Pfalz (BRD)". [Treasures from the Rhineland-Palatinate, German Federal Republic]: Gea, 32, 1999, 35-43. Language: Dutch. Keywords: (Rheinland-)Pfalz, Saar-Nahe basin, Rotliegendes, fossiliferrous formations, palaeontology.
Summary: This paper discusses the geological excursions run by the author in the Permian beds of the "pfälzischer Rotliegend". Broad description of paleogeographic position, stratigraphy, sedimentology, palaeontology and localities.
"Die Muscheln und Brachiopoden des Hunsrückschiefers. Teil 2: Brachiopoden". In: Fossilien, 16, 1999, 235-242. Language: German. Keywords: Hunsrück Slate, bivalves, brachiopods, monograph, soft parts.
Summary: This is a first systematic review of the brachiopods of the Hunsrück Slate. With a determination key for the brachiopods and an epilogue on molluscs and brachiopods.
"Het Bekken van Mainz (BRD)". In: Gea, 32, 1999, 137-141. Language: Dutch. Keywords: Rheinhessen, Mainz Basin, Oligocene, sedimentology, palaeontology.
Summary: This paper discusses the geological excursions run by the author in the Tertiary (Oligocene) of "Rheinhessen" (Mainz Basin). Broad description of paleogeographic position, stratigraphy, lithology and sedimentology, palaeontology and localities.
(Foto: M. van Engelen)
"Ichnological evidence on the behaviour of mitrates: two trails
associated with the Devonian mitrate Rhenocystis." Coauthors: O.E. Sutcliffe
& R.P.S. Jefferies. In: Lethaia, 33, 2000, 1-12. Language: English. Keywords:
locomition trails, mitrates, Rhenocystis latipedunculata, Hunsrück Slate,
British Museum of Natural History, chordates, echinoderms..
Summary: In this paper a slab with four individuals of the mitrate Rhenocystis latipedunculata is described. Two of them have associated trails. The find is unique and scientifically important since the systematic position (Chordata or Echinodermata) and orientation of these animals are controversial. The trails indicate that, just before death, the mitrates were moving tail-first, pulled by the tails and with the flat dorsal surface of the head upwards. This favours the chordate interpretation of the mitrates, rather than either of two current echinoderm interpretations.
Reaction 1: R.P.S. Jefferies and A.G. Jacobson firstly mention in their paper: "An Episode in the Ancestry of Vertebrates: From Mitrate to Crown-Group Craniate" in the journal Integrative Biology, 1998, Volume 1, Issue 4, page 123, that by an extraordinary piece of luck and sharp eyesight, an individual of the German Devonian mitrate Rhenocystis has been found dead at the end of ist own locomotion trace.
Reaction 2: The senior editor of the journal Nature, H. Gee, informs in Volume 407 dated 19 October 2000, pages 849 and 851 in the section news and views, under the title: "Mitrates on the move", that this important find confirms Jefferies's opinion, that the mitrates have features, that we would usually associate with chordates or hemichordates.
 Foto: M. van Engelen |
"Eine Urspinne mit Eiern". In: Fossilien (in press). Language: German. Keywords: fossil pycnogonid, Bundenbach, Palaeoisopus problematicus, eggs, Museum "Naturalis" Leiden (NL). Summary: Palaeoisopus problematicus BROILI, 1928 is one of the largest and most beautiful fossils of the Lower Devonian roofing slates of Bundenbach. It is, up till now, the only known fossil pycnogonid and though scientifically well investigated, in this paper new observations are presented. These concern the mode of feeding, the presence of eggs in relation to ovigers and hairlike processes of the body. |
"Trilobieten" ["Trilobites"]. In: Gea, 34, 2001 (in press). Language: Dutch.
Summary: In this special publication the trilobites are presented. Wouter Südkamp has agreed to make a contribution. Herein the trilobites of Bundenbach are summed up and furtheron you find their specialties (soft parts!).